English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 62

English - Essay Example The base up correspondence gives data about the employee’s needs, recognitions or sentiments. Such practices help the business in fitting arrangements just as projects intended to meet the particular prerequisites of the representatives. Then again, top-down correspondence helps in expanding the use of explicit work environment approaches by guaranteeing representatives know about the way to access and utilize the administrations (Doctor, 2008). In this manner, absence of correspondence may bring about colossal misfortunes in any business. For instance, an advertising official in a basic food item business neglected to illuminate his seniors that a dominant part of their items had expanded in the market. Clearly an expansion in gracefully results to an abatement in the cost of a product. His explanation was that he needed to make some additional money from the organizations deals. In any case, the business was confronted with misfortune as the majority of its clients selected to purchase merchandise from the opponent business. In the wake of following the reason for their misfortune, the business directors understood the stunt the advertiser had played on them. Resultantly, the advertiser was sucked, and the business balanced its costs along these lines drawing in its previous clients. From the story, obviously inadequate correspondence from the advertiser caused the business loses. On the off chance that the advertiser was not egotistical, he would have conveyed on the expansion of their merchandise in the market and the business would have balanced its costs to move with the pattern. Likewise, he would have held his activity. As indicated by Du, Bhattacharya and Sen (2010) correspondence is a basic instrument for the success of any business. All organizations should, in this way, guarantee there is clear and proficient correspondence inside their premises. Du, S., Bhattacharya, C. B., and Sen, S. (2010). Expanding business comes back to corporate social duty (CSR): The job of CSR correspondence. Global Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1),

Sexual Orientation and Western World Essay Sample free essay sample

When people’s sexual singularities are alluded to. they are oftentimes dishonestly partitioned into two gatherings: straight people and homophiles. Truth be told. sexual independence is considerably more unpredictable. as some may put themselves as indiscriminate. or on the other hand transgender for representation. LGBT consequently bases for sapphic. gay. cross-sexual. what's more, transgender. While Lesbians and Gays all around allude to grown-up females and work powers who are explicitly pulled in to their ain sexual orientation. bisexuals. other than known as â€Å"pansexuals† believe the sexual orientation of their companion to be immaterial. as in they might be pulled in to the two sexes each piece or unevenly. With respect to transexuals. they are all around viewed as individuals who have turned around their sex capacities. now and again with the guide of medical procedure ( â€Å"LGBT: What right? † .  ¶ 4. 5. 6 ) . Having been fundamentally victimized preceding the sexual transformation ( otherwise known as the sexual discharge ) which took topographic point in the sixtiess. during the 1970s and 1980s in the Western universe. We will compose a custom article test on Sexual Orientation and Western World Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page it was so when gay people and tribades were in the end ready to be who they are without disgrace and when society began tolerating their picture. Furthermore. during the 1990s bisexuals and transexuals were other than given respect. Concerning the Arab universe. the reality of the being of homosexualism despite everything stays uncommon and is non prone to be acknowledged by Arab society. This could be because of a few factors, for example, Arab human progress and confidence which doesn’t header with the build of homosexualism. Taking Lebanon for representation. orchestrating to article 534 of the Lebanese reformatory codification. the demonstration of sexual dealingss that challenge the Torahs of nature is disallowed ; in this case it would be homosexualism and thusly it is viewed as an offense in Lebanon which is yet viewed as an express a spot progressively loosened in relative to different states in the in the middle of eastern part. Besides. states, for example, Kuwait. Oman. Qatar. Saudi Arabia. Syria. Joined Arab Emirates and Yemen other than consider same-sex sexual action as an offense and would even censure th e individuals taking topographic point in this action to the perish discipline. while states, for example, Iraq and Jordan think of it as lawful. It has ever been an issue in the Arab universe to acknowledge homosexualism since they have still non arrived at the point to where they can comprehend the way nature works. At the end of the day. tribades and gay people aren’t the way they are on the grounds that they decided to ; they are now and then brought into the world that way. Other than Arab confidence has played the greatest capacity to why they don’t acknowledge homosexualism ; blending to the declarations of the prophesier Mohamad ( Hadith ) about homosexualism ; he expressed that when a grown-up male mounts another grown-up male. the seat of God shingles. He other than expressed: â€Å"Kill the 1 that is making it what's more slaughter the 1 that it is being done to ( â€Å"Islam and Homosexuality†  ¶ 4. 5. 6 ) . In any case. homosexualism is other than taboo in the book of scriptures. be that as it may, the Western universe has figured out how to get by with them through getting them and disting uishing how positive they could be to society. Be that as it may. inclination will ever win even in today’s similarly receptive universe ( â€Å"LGBT: What is it† .  ¶ 7. 8. 9 ) . Despite the fact that it does non parcel a similar normal sexual direction as straight people. the LGBT people group merits equivalent rights in the working environment. as they are simply as capable. equipped and the same socially and morally than their hetero inverse numbers.

Tactile Memory free essay sample

A review of Tactile Memory Tactile memory is a piece of tangible memory frameworks and it is the memory of data obtained by means of touch. It is one of the crude tactile codes that are utilized as communicating natural items. It isn't just critical to associate with natural items yet it is additionally important to communicate with novel articles with comparative size. Hints of material data is like notable memory as far as span of the follow since it goes on for a brief timeframe and it is helpless against rot after very nearly two seconds (Gallace, amp;Spence, 2009). One of the soonest test concentrates on material memory was directed by Bliss, Crane, Mansfield, and Townsend (1966). In this examination, they researched the attributes of quick review for brief material upgrades applied to the hand. The outcomes acquired demonstrated a haptic memory store strikingly like the visual memory store. Like trial of visual tactile memory, it was likewise discovered that haptic memory execution was fundamentally improved with the utilization of fractional report strategies. We will compose a custom paper test on Material Memory or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In an ongoing report, Gallace and Spence (2009) likewise checked these discoveries. As indicated by Bliss and associates, the distinction between fractional report and entire report is the consequence of a tangible type of memory for inactively gave material boosts a high limit and brief term. Besides, Gilson and Baddeley (1969) contended that memory for upgrades applied to the skin is flexible for around ten seconds after evacuation of the boost, in any event, when the individual is occupied with undertakings that hinder verbal practice. After this deferral, the memory follow gets defenseless against overlooking as it rots from the haptic memory store and starts to depend on a progressively focal memory store. Albeit material memory portrayals can be thought as like visual portrayals in nature yet there are critical contrasts between these two diverse memory frameworks as far as handling and neural life systems. Easton, Srivinas, and Greene (1997) indicated that there is a natural distinction among visual and material memory portrayals. In their examination, they gave their members an article either in visual or material structures. In the investigation, the members saw a circle however they couldn't contact it. From that point onward, the members were given a comparable shape yet they couldn't see it. The aftereffects of the examination showed that the participants’ execution was more awful as they were making a decision about size contrasts in visual structure contrasted with that in material structure. It is proposed this is on the grounds that the participants’ handling in visual structure brought about more fluctuation as far as item size because of impacts, for example, viewpoint and separation. Nero-life structures of Tactile Memory Tactile memory is generally sorted out in the somatosensory cortex. The data signals got by body surface goes to the zones that are near one another on the cerebrum surface. Different regions of theâ parietal lobeâ are liable for adding to a few parts of material memory. Memory for the highlights of an upgrade including its harshness, spatial thickness, and surface outcome in initiation of the parietal operculum. Then again, highlights of an improvement, for example, size and shape are identified by contact receptors in the skin. These signs are kept up in the foremost piece of the parietal projection. Notwithstanding highlights of the upgrade, memory for spatial data, for example, the area of stimulusactivates the rightâ superior parietal lobuleâ andtemporoparietal intersection (Gallace, amp;Spence, 2008). There are a few examinations researching neural corresponds of material memory. In one examination, Harris, Harris, and Diamond (2001) evaluate the commitment of geologically sorted out neural zones to material working memory. So as to research neural corresponds of material working memory, they gave their members vibrations in various frequencies. The members were solicited to look at the recurrence from two vibrations. The vibrations were introduced to either a similar fingertip or to various fingertips. The maintenance interim between vibrations was at different lengths. The aftereffects of the investigation demonstrated that members performed well if their undertaking was to analyze vibrations conveyed either a similar finger or to relating fingers on inverse hands. In any case, their presentation was lower when the vibrations were executed on removed finger on either hand. These outcomes show that material working memory instrument composed in geological structure. In another test, Harris and partners (2001) introduced vibrations to a similar fingertip however they added an obstruction vibration to the maintenance interim. Participants’ task was again to think about the frequencies of two vibrations by disregarding obstruction vibration in maintenance interim. The outcomes demonstrated that the added vibration hindered execution particularly in the event that it is conveyed to a similar finger as the correlation vibrations. The impact was littler if the vibrations were conveyed to progressively removed fingers. This finding checked the past finding recommending that material working memory is upheld by geographically sorted out areas of somatosensory cortex. In a comparable vein, Numminen et al. (2004) researched material data in a nutshell interims. As opposed to longer interim lengths, the examination explored the cerebrum initiation utilizing utilitarian attractive reverberation imaging (fMRI) in short between upgrade interims. Members were given triplets of weight heartbeats to the second and fourth fingers of the left hand. Following a short interim, a subsequent triplet was introduced. In â€Å"compare† task, members were approached to give input by finger lift if the triplets were same. The examination likewise incorporated a â€Å"control† task. The control task was same as the contrast task however rare improvements applied with the little finger to which the members responded. There were distinctive between upgrade interims. The actuation in the cerebrum territories because of participants’ endeavors in perceiving, keeping up and looking at material triplets in think about and control conditions demonstrated the related mind regions. The aftereffects of the investigation showed that enactment in second rate parietal cortex, valuable engine territory, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was improved during the contrast task contrasted and the actuations in the control task. It appears that the actuation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is the consequence of an endeavor to retain the improvement arrangement. The actuation in strengthening engine territory and substandard parietal cortex is the aftereffect of a push to investigate temporospatial material examples and haptic investigation. The correlation task itself required a high exertion and it brought about an upgraded actuation in the foremost cingulate gyrus. With everything taken into account, the outcomes recommended that these regions uncovered an errand explicit enactment. The procedure occupied with examination task is regular with typical handling of material upgrades and consequently, it tends to be said that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, advantageous engine zone and second rate parietal cortex are engaged with preparing material improvements. A different line of research centers around the partition between and mix of spatiovisual and material memory frameworks. As recently referenced, albeit material memory portrayals can be thought as like visual portrayals in nature yet there are noteworthy contrasts between these two distinctive memory frameworks as far as handling and neural life systems. Saito et al (2003) utilized fMRI to evaluate the neural substrates for material visual cross-modular coordinating. The assignment utilized in the trial included material †visual coordinating of two-dimensional shapes. The members performed four undertakings. TT task required a material †material coordinating with no visual improvement, TTv task required a material †material coordinating with visual upgrades, VVt task required a visual †visual coordinating with material boosts, and TV task required a material †visual coordinating. It was normal that the neural substrates for material and visual shape coordinating were improved during errands requiring coordinating of data originating from various tangible modalities, which are visual, and material modalities contrasted with the assignment requiring a coordinating inside a similar methodology. The aftereffects of the examination indicated that TT task initiated the accompanying regions: contralateral essential tactile engine region, post-focal gyrus unrivaled parietal lobules, front piece of the intraparietal sulcus, thalamus, cerebellum, and advantageous engine region however there was no occipital association since there was no visual part in the undertaking. Visual coordinating errand, then again, initiated essential visual cortex, lingual and fusiform gyri. Be that as it may, the undertakings required cross-modular exertion brought about upgraded actuation in the back intraparietal sulcus reciprocally. This implies shape data originating from various modalities might be incorporated in this area, the back intraparietal sulcus. These discoveries lead specialists to cross-modular joining between visual-spatial and material data. Then again, the investigation clarified above utilized just 2D (two-dimensional) objects. In any case, utilizing 3D (three-dimensional) improvements might be progressively comparative, in actuality, circumstance. Utilizing 3D boosts may likewise empower to examine a 3-way cross-modular joining that is the reconciliation between visual †spatial-material modalities. In the current examination, it planned to research the cross-modular mix of visual-spatial-material data by utilizing 3D improvements and its neural corresponds by using fMRI. Strategy Participants Ten solid

Competitive Sport And Its Effect On Sports - 724 Words

Competitive sport initially was an activity shared by people as a way of taking their minds off the woes and miseries of life whether it be by spectating or being directly involved with the game. Competitive sport should be used as a way to socialise with friends through an activity which all enjoy. Looking at sport today we wonder how it got to this point of failure. Competitive sport in the 21st century is riddled with cheating, corruption and exploiting the lapses in the system. Money laundering, illegal gambling, pseudo identities, the list goes on and on. I addition to all these filthy traits, sport has been sufficiently supplying serious lifelong suffering injuries to people ranging from early childhood to old age. Sport has become a blemish that is deeply set within our society’s culture. It is well known around the world that sport generates most of its profits not off the spectators nor advertising but the people wagering money on games or races. Of the projected $95 billion dollars bet on NFL and college football in America in 2015, $93 billion will be done illegally. â€Å"Illegal sports betting is reaching new heights of popularity in America states† American Gaming Association President and CEO Geoff Freeman during a press release. The seriousness of illegal gambling in America and around the world is unprecedented and increasing at chilling rates. The 2014 Super Bowl alone generated nearly $4 billion in illegal bets. Many experts and government officials are callingShow MoreRelatedThe Positive Effects of a Students Participation in Competitive Sports558 Words   |  2 PagesA student’s participation in competitive sports has a positive effect on the students’ academic performance. Although this may take time away from studying, physical ac tivity helps improve functionality of the brain. This is an improvement in the student’s mental ability. In this essay I will discuss how and why participation in sports has appositive impact on a student’s academic performance. Firstly, I will discuss how sports have a positive effect on a student’s academic performance. FollowedRead MoreCompetitive Sports Effect The Body On Positive And Negative Ways Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesCompetitive sports effect the body in positive and negative ways. Sports can be good for a persons character and often result in life long friendships, and bonds. Sports join the world in an inseparable bond, that is competition. Swimming is a beautiful sport that takes grace and endurance. Swimming also builds lung endurance. But, the chlorine in the pools cause respiratory issues such as asthma. We must start to fix this issue to restore health to swimmers. For most of my life I have competitivelyRead MoreCompetitive Anxiety in Sp orts Performance722 Words   |  3 PagesCompetitive Anxiety is one of the most widely researched topics in sport psychology (Woodman Hardy, 2001), focusing on the symptoms and consequences of Competitive Anxiety. The reason why Competitive Anxiety has been selected is because it is able to look at the effects of Anxiety on Sport Performance. I believe this is important as it distinguishes the difference between those who are able to calm competitive anxiety (such as Self Talk), which may suggest a reason as to why certain athletes achieveRead MoreCompetitive Sports Should Be Allowed For Young Kids And Teenagers1416 Words   |  6 Pageswhether competitive sports should be allowed or not. Competitive sports have been going on for a while now (164 years ago, to be exact) so why stop now? Competitive sports should be allowed for young kids and teenagers because they help kids learn important feelings and lessons, vital to know in the real world, whether current or future, it helps a thletes get a head start in life more than non-athletes, and competitive sports helps kids to be and stay healthy. One reason that competitive sports shouldRead MoreChildren Need to Play Not Compete Essay1584 Words   |  7 Pagesindulge in competitive games or sports. She appealed to the parents and coaches or game masters on the implications and dangers of organised sports and She argued that competitive sports may harm teenagers both physically and mentally. Statsky in the book stated that sports generally are organised activity irrespective of how it’s being organised either locally or nationally or internationally. She also persuaded that both contact and non contact sports played by kindergarten have side effects on theRead MoreCollege Athletes Research Paper1094 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction At the time of its inception in 1906, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) was a non-profit organization mandated with the management of athletics and sports in colleges and universities across the United States and Canada. The board had a unique operational structure that provided payments and stipends to the student-athletes through a model known as altruism. The model limited the benefits the student-athletes drew from the association to their necessities in the collegesRead MoreThe Importance Of Sports1189 Words   |  5 PagesSports are one of the most watched pieces of entertainment in America, and around the world. People watch sports because you never know the outcomes of the games, and because you can root for your chosen team. When a person thinks a about a sport the first thing that comes to their head is probably something like football or soccer, but what about chess or even video games. Sports are usually thought of as games that require strength and phy sical skill to preform, but sports should be defined byRead MoreCase Analysis : Initial Evaluation Of Investment1151 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary: Champ Sport Analysis of Initial Evaluation of Investment The provided information is used to access whether investment propose by the Rich Stenson, marketing manager, is feasible or not. The NPV analysis is made to assess the feasibility of Champ Sport investment in alloy which will be used to produce and sell metal baseball bats. The calculations made in the appendix show that the investment made in alloy will generate the positive net present value of USD 1188 and the IRR ofRead MoreYouth Sports : A Trend That Has Touched Every Household1666 Words   |  7 PagesYouth sports in America have become a trend that has touched every household. Sports have become so ingrained in American culture that toddlers have even begun to experience it. Almost all children from the ages of six to ten have kicked a soccer ball or hit a ball with a bat. While studies have shown that youth team sports have a tremendous positive impact on a child’s social development, many children have run into serious injuries. Some of these injuries can require extensive surgeries, rehabilitationRead MoreThe Effects Of Psychological Emotional On Sport Performance1582 Words   |  7 Pagesemotional states on sport performance Literature Review In Martin and Gill’s experiment done in 1991, the relationship among trait and state psychological variables and performance in male high school distance runners were measured. 73 male middle and long distance runners ranging from 14 to 18 years of age were used to examine trait and state psychological variables and performance. A Competitive Orientation Inventory and Sport Orientation Questionnaire were used to measure competitive orientation measures

Transformation UML Language

Sample details Pages: 15 Words: 4624 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Information Systems Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Chapter 1: Introduction Context of the Problem The Unified Modeling Language is a graphical modeling language used for the visualization, specification, construction, and documentation of object-oriented software systems. It has been adopted by the Object Management Group (OMG) and is widely accepted as a standard in industry and research. The UML provides thirteen types of diagrams for different purpose. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Transformation UML Language | Information Systems Dissertations" essay for you Create order This thesis focuses on sequence and class diagram known as structure diagram and behavior diagram. Sequence forms concentrate on the presentation of dynamic aspects of a software system, and class forms the structural view of software system. Sequence diagrams stress time ordering while Class focus on static. In Model-driven Architecture (MDA), class diagram is the source for code generation in object-oriented development (Pender, 2003), so how to map what we find in the interaction diagram back to class diagram become an important subject if we want to develop system from behavior aspect initially. There are some existing relatively modest tool supports exploiting the logical dependencies of UML diagrams. Some systems maintain method lists across class diagrams and sequence diagrams and the transformation between sequence diagrams and collaboration diagrams. However, nowadays, the two diagrams that sequence and Class are draw divided and can not be transformed between each oth er. And there is no comprehensive framework that would support such mechanisms throughout these two diagram types in a systematic way (Selonen et al., 2003). That waste much time to maintain system and often make the system development documents should rewrite again and again. To solve these problems, a transformation theorem which proposed by Selonen et al. (2003) is cited in this paper. Selonen et al. (2003) propose a framework and categorize meaningful transformation operations between different diagram types in UML. These operations can be used, for example, for model checking, merging, slicing and synthesis (Selonen et al., 2003). The transformation operation can be used as a basis of tool support in UML-based modeling tools. With these operations, we can get the benefits as follows: Class Diagram becomes easier and faster to create because they can be achieved as results of automated operations. Class Diagram becomes more consistent and correct because they are either produced or updated automatically, or checked against each other exploiting the transformation operations. Improve the software development process. The process of agile modeling become from use case to sequence diagram and then translated to class diagram. It will be more simply and efficiency. Research Question and sub-questions How does the transformation between sequence and Class diagrams make systems easier to develop and maintain and avoid system development documents to be rewritten all the time? 1. What are meta-modeling, Meta Object Facility and Object Constraint language? 2. How to operate the transformation? 3. How does the transformation work in the real world (Examples)? Significance of the Study Sequence diagrams provide a natural and easy medium for designing the examples of typical dynamic interactions of objects, often as refined representations of use cases. After modeling examples of interactions, the designer should add the information implied by the sequence diagrams to the static view (class diagrams), or check that the static view conforms to the sequence diagrams (Selonen et al., 2000). The sequence diagram and class diagram derived from the same use case and can not be transformed between each other. This paper discusses a particular UML transformation operation mentioned in (Selonen et al., 2003), which transforms from a sequence diagram into a class diagram. The transformation operation is based on the UML 2.0 Specification (OMG, 2003), which defines the syntax and semantics of UML. The thesis defines the rules on the phases of this transformation operation and gives a transformation example to show the result of transformation. This paper will concentrate on the conceptual research of UML semantics, and do not concentrate on any development tool. However, OCL will be used to describe the transformation rules and hoped can be used in UML-based modeling tools development. I hope that the steps of modeling will improve; Support for synthesizing a new class diagram from an existing sequence diagram can provide significant help for the designer. Such synthesis operation helps the designer keep the two diagrams consistent because the synthesized class diagram can be compared with existing class diagram. The transformation operation also speeds up the design process, and to decrease the risk of human errors. In UML CASE tool vendors can implement this transformation operation in their tools to get the benefits described above. Research Design and Methodology The protocol for this research project is mostly using qualitative by design. A Case study will be used as the most important a strategy of research methodology in the study. The research process consists of six steps. It collects and analysis the documents and papers which are corresponding to the UML transformation thesis, OCL and MDA transformation theory. Then proposing a transformation framework for transformation from sequence diagram to class diagram and concluding transformation mapping rules. This paper will testify and revise the transformation mapping rules via implement a real case of agile modeling development process. And finally proposing the research result, and discuss the conclusion and future work. Organization of the Study Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter one introduces the research. This chapter will present the context of the problem, the problem statement, the main research question, the significance of the study, and the research methodology used to address the main research question. Chapter 2: Review of the Literature Chapter two gives an overview of the background literature for the thesis. Chapter 3: Meta-modeling, Meta Object Facility and Object Constraint language Chapter three will give the brief introduction of UML, MDA, meta-model, transformation and OCL are described at first, followed are the separate meta-models of sequence and class diagram. Chapter 4: Operation of the Transformation Chapter four will propose a framework of transformation from Sequence diagram to Class diagram. Also, a rule will be defined on every phase of transformation, using OCL to describe transformation rules. Chapter 5: Example of the Translations Chapter five will be working on a Cas e Study, and demonstrating the transformation for a true case in the real world. Chapter 6: Conclusion Chapter six will present the summery and conclusion. Chapter 2: Review of Literature 2.1 UML The complexity in software development process of getting from a set of requirements to a proper abstraction of the solution leads people to develop models. A model is a simplification of something so we can view, manipulate, and reason about it, and so help us understand the complexity inherent in the subject under study (Mellor et al., 2004). The UML is a family of graphical notations, backed by single meta-model, that help in describing and designing software systems, particularly software systems built using the object-oriented (OO) style (Fowler, 2003). The Unified Modeling Language (UML), since adopted as a standard (UML 1.1) by OMG in 1997, has become a widely accepted as standard for modeling a software system. The latest UML version 2.0 has been formally adopted in June 2003, and it will be applied throughout this thesis. UML 2 describes 13 official diagram types which fall in two categories depending on whether they describe structural or behavioral aspects of a softwa re system. The UML can capture an array of processes and structures which related to business and software. UML has such power that a modeler can use it for the general architecture of any construction that has both a static structure and dynamic behavior. A project can rely on UML as the standard language to express requirements, system design, deployment instructions, and code structure (Eriksson et al., 2004). 2.2 Agile Modeling Test case modeling and an evolutionary approach are two major and strongly related techniques to model transformation (Rumpe, 2004). UML nowadays has become popular modeling language for software intensive systems used. Models can be used for a variety of purposes. One advantage of using models for test case description is the application specific parts which are modeled with UML-diagrams, such as connection to frameworks, error handling, persistence, or communication are handled by the parameterized code generator (Rumpe, 2004). This allows us to develop models which can be independent of any technology or platform, such as PIM. When the technology changes, we only need to update the generator, and the application defining models can directly be reused. This concept also directly supports the above mentioned MDA-Approach (OMG, 2005) of the OMG. Another important merit is that both of the production code and automatically executable tests are modeled by the same UML diagrams. Therefore developers could use a single homogeneous language to describe implementation and tests. This will enhance the availability of tests at the beginning of the coding activities. Analogously to the â€Å"test first approach† (Beck, 2001), sequence diagrams are used for test cases and can be taken from the previously modeled requirements. When we start software modeling by drawing classes in a class diagram does not mean we are developing a class model. Instead, we are developing a software model by defining static aspects through a static view. If we start our development by drawing a dynamic diagram, like the state or sequence diagram, we are developing a software model by defining dynamic aspects through a dynamic view. The class and sequence diagrams could better be called structural and dynamic views. They are all written in the same language: UML (Kleppe et al, 2003). In Agile modeling (Ambler, 2002), we develop an Information system in following steps by u sing UML. System Use Case Models UI Prototypes UML Class Diagrams UML Sequence Diagrams UML Activity Diagrams Use case diagram shows a number of external actors and their connection to the use cases that the system provides. A use case is a description of a functionality (a specific usage of the system) that the system provides. The description of the actual use case is normally done in plain text or as a document linked to the use case. The functionality and flow can also be described using an activity diagram. The use case description only views the system behavior as the user perceives it and does not describe how the functionality is provided inside the system. Use cases define the functional requirements of the system. Sequence diagrams address an interaction and may be used to model flows within use cases (Booch et al., 1999). They show how the objects interact to execute operations, emphasis on the time ordering of the messages. Class diagrams shows a collection of declarative (static) model elements, such as classes, types, and their contents and relationships. Once we have the use cases, the next step is to create the class diagram. This is the heart of the object-oriented model. This paper concentrates on the steps of modeling from Use Case Models to Class Diagrams and sequence Diagrams. 2.3 MDA The MDA is a new software engineering approach developed and published by the Object Management Group (OMG). One fundamental observation in the evolution of living software systems over the years is that their basic design models are mostly unchanged. Most changes to evolving software systems take place only at engineering level, forced by the introduction of new technologies and platforms (BAohme et al., 2005). MDA promotes simply the usage of models for the whole software system development. To capture the problem of technology evolution MDA defines two categories of models. The first one is for abstract modeling of the software systems at the design level. This model class is called Platform Independent Model (PIM). The second category is related to specific platforms and technologies. It contains mainly engineering aspects of the software system and is called Platform Specific Model (PSM). Between these two classes of models, MDA defines a relation in the form of several tra nsformations, which ensure the structural equivalence of PIM and PSM. Another key issue of MDA is a technology framework for different kinds of model handling (storage, exchange, mapping of models, etc.). The Meta Object Facility (MOF) (OMG, 2000) is convenient for this purpose. Historically modeling languages were defined by abstract grammars. MOF instead defines modeling languages on the base of so-called Meta-Models. Meta-Models are models (instances) of built-in MOF concepts. Using this framework the developer can focus more on the definition of mappings between models rather than having to struggle with ordinary model handling. This is due to the fact that MOF comes with a method for the definition of model classes (Meta-Models) and for the exchange of models using the XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). In addition, MOF provides mappings of Meta-Models to repository interfaces as well. Such a repository holds all necessary information about model instances. The above argumen t is correct for most of todays component technology. To show the real application we have to choose concrete Meta-Models for PIM and PSM. This also leads to the selection of appropriate Meta-Models and notations for PIM and PSM. One requirement for both is the support of the component concept as a first class concept. Moreover, the Meta-Model for the PSM should be part of a well-defined and established component technology. Because the spread industrial usage is a process consuming several years, the suitable technologies have traditional syntax based languages for component definition. MDA exploits the emergence of a class of tools, which support model translation and allow meta-model manipulation. Meta-models are models of the formalism used to build models. They define the various kinds of contained model elements and the way they are arranged, related and constrained. The process of developing a model results in the creation of instances of the model elements defined in t he meta-model – the meta-model is â€Å"populated† with instance data. Model transformation is the process of converting a model expressed in one formalism to another model of the same system expressed using a different formalism. This can be achieved by building a meta-model of each of the source and target model representations and then defining a mapping between them. The meta-model of the source model is populated with instance data of the specific source model to be transformed. The mapping rules are applied as a set of operations invoked on the source meta-model, which results in a meta-model of the target model populated with instance data. This populated target meta-model is then used to generate the target model (or possibly the target text in the case of code generation. (Bloomfield, 2005) 2.4 Models, modeling, and MDA Models and model-driven software development are at the heart of the MDA approach. So it is appropriate to start by looking at what is being practiced when enterprise application developers take advantage of modeling. In the software engineering world, modeling has a rich tradition from the earliest days of programming. The most recent innovations have focused on notations and tools that allow users to express system perspectives of value to software architects and developers in ways that are readily mapped into the programming language code that can be compiled for a particular operating system platform. The current state of this practice employs the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as the primary modeling notation (Rumbaugh et al.,1999). The UML allows development teams to capture a variety of important characteristics of a system in corresponding models. Transformations among these models are primarily manual, with tool support for managing traceability and dependency relation ships among modeling elements, supported by best practice guidance on how to maintain synchronized models as part of a large-scale development effort. One useful way to characterize current practice is to look at the different ways in which the models are synchronized with the source code. Each category identifies a particular use of models in assisting software practitioners to create running applications (code) for a specific runtime platform, and the relationship between the models and the code. Today, most of software developers still take a code-only approach, and do not use separately defined models at all. They rely almost entirely on the code they write, and they express their model of the system they are building directly in a 3rd generation programming language such as Java, C++, or C# within an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as IBM WebSphere Studio, Eclipse, and Microsoft VisualStudio. Any â€Å"modeling† they do is in the form of programming a bstractions embedded in the code (e.g., packages, modules, interfaces, etc.), which are managed through mechanisms such as program libraries and object hierarchies. Any separate modeling of architectural designs is informal and intuitive, and lives on whiteboards, in PowerPoint sides, or in the developers’ heads. While this may be adequate for individuals and very small teams, this approach makes it difficult to understand key characteristics of the system among the details of the implementation of the business logic. Furthermore, it becomes much more difficult to manage the evolution of these solutions as their scale and complexity increases, as the system evolves over time, or when the original members of the design team are not directly accessible to the team maintaining the system. An addition is to provide code visualizations in some appropriate modeling notation. As developers create or analyze an application, they often want to visualize the code through some graphi cal notation that aids their understanding of the code’s structure or behavior. It may also be possible to manipulate the graphical notation as an alternative to editing the text based code, so that the visual rendering becomes a direct representation of the code. Such rendering is sometimes called a code model, or an implementation model, although many feel it more appropriate to call these artifacts â€Å"diagrams† and reserve the use of â€Å"model† for higher levels of abstraction. Some tools that allow such diagrams (e.g., IBM Web Sphere Studio and Borland Together/J), the code view and the model view can be displayed simultaneously; as the developer manipulates either view the other is immediately synchronized with it. In this approach, the diagrams are tightly coupled representations of the code and provide an alternative way to view and possibly edit at the code level. Further advantage of the models can be taken through roundtrip engineering (RTE) between an abstract model of the system describing the system architecture or design, and the code. The developer typically elaborates the system design to some level of detail, then creating a first-pass implementation from the code generated by applying model-to-code transformations, usually manually. For instance, one team working on the high level design provides design models to the team working on the implementation (perhaps simply by printing out model diagrams, or providing the implementation team some files containing the models). The implementation team converts this abstract, high-level design into a detailed set of design models and the programming language implementation. Iterations of these representations will occur as errors and their corrections are made in either the design or the code. Consequently, without considerable discipline, the abstract models and the implementation models usually and quickly – end up out of step. Tools can automate the initial transformation, and can help to keep the design and implementation models in step as they evolve. Typically the tools generate code stubs from the design models that the user has to further refine. As changes are made to the code they must at some point be reconciled with the original model. To achieve this some approach to recognize generated versus user defined code is used such as placing markers in the code. Tools adopting this approach, such as IBM Rational Rose, can offer multiple transformation services supporting RTE between models and different implementation languages. In a model-centric approach, models of the system are established in sufficient detail that the full implementation of the system can be generated from the models themselves. To achieve this, the models may include, for example, representations of the persistent and non persistent data, business logic, and presentation elements. Any integration to legacy data and services may require that the interfaces t o those elements are also modeled. In some cases much more than code stubs can be generated depending on the fidelity of the models of patterns to transform the models to code, frequently allowing the developer some choice in the patterns that are applied (e.g., among various deployment topologies). To further assist in the code generation, this approach frequently makes use of standard or proprietary application frameworks and runtime services that ease the code generation task by constraining the styles of applications that can be generated. Hence, tools using this approach typically specialize in the generation of particular styles of applications (e.g., IBM Rational Rose Technical Developer for real-time embedded systems). However, in all cases the models are the primary artifact created and manipulated by developers. A model-only approach is at the far-right end of the modeling spectrum. In this approach developers use models purely as thought aids in understanding the bu siness or solution domain, or for analyzing the architecture of a proposed solution. Models are frequently used as the basis for discussion, communication, and analysis among teams within a single organization, or across multi-organizational projects. These models frequently appear in proposals for new work, or adorn the walls of offices and cubes in software labs everywhere as a way of understanding some complex domain of interest, and establishing a shared vocabulary and set of concepts among disparate teams. In practice the implementation of a system, whether from scratch or updating an existing solution, may be practically disconnected from the models. An interesting example of this approach can be seen in the growing number of organizations who outsource implementation and maintenance of their systems while maintaining control of the overall enterprise architecture. 2.5 Transformations between UML diagrams UML provides different diagram types supporting the development process from requirements specification to implementation (Selonen et al., 2001). The models presented by different diagrams view a system from different perspectives or from different abstraction levels. Therefore, the various UML models of the same system are not independent specifications but strongly overlapping: they depend on each other in many ways. For Instance, changes in one model may imply changes in another, and a large portion of one model may be synthesized on the basis of another model. So far there exists relatively modest tool support exploiting the logical dependencies of UML models. Some systems (e.g. Rational Rose) maintain, for instance, method lists across class diagrams and sequence diagrams: adding a call of a new method in a sequence diagram automatically causes the corresponding updating of the class symbol in a class diagram. Another example is the transformation between sequence diagrams and collaboration diagrams, also supported by Rational Rose. However, there is no comprehensive framework that would support such mechanisms throughout Class diagram and Sequence diagram in a systematic way. This paper studies the relationships of Class diagram and Sequence diagram in UML, and transformation operations that are based on those relationships. A transformation operation takes a UML diagram as its operand (the source diagram), and produces another diagram of another type as its result (the target diagram). It considers such transformation operations as an essential part of a UML- based software design environment. The transformation operations can be used for example in the following ways: Model checking:Are two diagrams consistent with each other? It is much easier to find inconsistencies between two diagrams of the same type than between two diagrams of different types. If the diagrams are of different types, transformation operations can be first applied to obtain two diagrams of the same type, which are then compared for consistency. Model merging:Add the information contained in one diagram to another diagram. Merging the modeling information of two diagrams is much easier when the diagrams are of the same type (Alanen and Porres, 2003). If the diagrams are of different types, transformation operations can be first applied to obtain two diagrams of the same type, which are then merged. Model slicing:Create a partial view of a diagram showing only a particular aspect. Often the aspect can be presented in the form of another diagram (of some other type). For example, one may want to see a dynamic slice of a static diagram. The diagram representing the slicing criterion (for example, a dynamic diagram) can be first transformed into the type of the target diagram (for example, a static diagram). An intersection of the two diagrams of the same type then shows the desired slice. Model synthesis:Produce a diagram on the basis of an existing diagram of another type. This is the most straightforward usage of transformation operations. Such synthesis can be useful for two purposes: to obtain automatically an initial form of a diagram needed in a subsequent phase of the software development process, or to obtain a different view of the information contained by a diagram. The latter may be used just as a transient view on a model, rather than as a persistent design artifact. 2.6 Phase of Transformation Operation Selonen et al. (2003) use the UML meta-model to define the transformation between UML diagrams. Since diagram types are only very loosely defined (the same notation may represent different meaning on different diagrams), we need to establish a precise mapping from a graphical view representing a diagram type to a model; i.e. we must define a model that corresponds to a given diagram. This model contains exactly the logical information exposed by the diagram, needed by the transformation operations. We will call this model the minimal model of the diagram. As we do this for all diagram types, we are able to define transformations between diagram types as functions from the meta-model of a diagram type to the meta-model of another diagram type. Such a function takes the minimal model of the source diagram as its argument, and produces the minimal model of the target diagram. They call the transformation rules the interpretation of the transformation. Assuming that the mappings fro m the source diagram into its minimal model, from this minimal model into the minimal model of the target diagram, and finally into the target diagram, are all defined uniquely, the transformation between two diagram types becomes fully defined (Selonen et al.,2003). First, take a given sequence diagram and map the sequence diagram to its minimal model. Then transform this minimal model to a minimal model of a class diagram. Finally, this minimal model is mapping to a class diagram in model level. This thesis will base on this process to introduce a definite transformation operation. Reference Tom Pender. (2003). UML Bible (1st edition). Wiley, ISBN: 0764526049 Martin Fowler. (2004). UML Distilled (3rd edition), Wesley, ISBN: 0321193687 Hans-Erik Eriksson, Magnus Penker, Brain Lyons, and David Fado. (2004). UML 2 Toolkit, Wiley, ISBN: 0471463612 Ambler. (2002). Agile Modeling: Effective Practices for Extreme Programming and the Unified Process, Wiley, ISBN: 0471202827 Jos Warmer, Anneke Kleppe.(2003). The Object Constraint Language: Getting Your Models Ready for MDA (2nd Edition), Wesley, ISBN: 0321179366 Grzegorz Rozenberg.(1997). Handbook on Graph Grammars and Computing by Graph Transformation: Foundations (1st edition), World Scientific Publishing Company, ISBN: 9810228848 James Rumbaugh, Grady Booch, and Ivar Jacobson. (1999). The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual, Wesley, ISBN: 020130998X Jams R Rumbaugh, Michael R. Blaha, William Lorensen, Frederick Eddy. (1991). Object-Oriented Modeling and Design, Prentice Hall ; United States Ed edition, ISBN: 0136298419 Rumpe, B.(2004). Agile Modeling with the UML, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Petri Selonen, Kai Koskimies and Markku Sakkinen. (2001). How to Make Apples from Oranges in UML. Proceedings of the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Retrieved February 21, 2008, from: https://csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/hicss/2001/0981/03/09813054.pdf Petri Selonen, Kai Koskimies and Markku Sakkinen. (2003). Transformations between UML diagrams. Journal of Database Management. Retrieved February 21, 2008, from: https://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-23439697_ITM Petri Selonen (2000). Scenario-based Synthesis of Annotated Class Diagrams in UML. Tampere University of Technology, Retrieved February 21, 2008, from: https://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/462963.html Mellor, S. J., Scott, K., Uhl, A., and Weise,D., MD. (2004). a Distilled: Principles of Model-Driven. Wesley, Retrieved Feb ruary 22, 2008, From: https://www.metamodel.com/,2005 OMG. (2003). UML 2.0 OCL Specification, Retrieved February 22, 2008, from: https://www.omg.org/docs/ptc/03-10-14.pdf,2003 Tony Bloomfield. (2005). MDA,Meta-Modelling,and Model Transformation: introduction New Technology into the Defence Industry, Retrieved February 22, 2008, from: https://www.enabler.com/en/skills/ecmda/PAPER_Bloomfield.pdf

Lee Harvey And The Assassination Of Jfk - 2462 Words

Lee Harvey Oswald and The Assassination of JFK On November 22, 1963 United States President John F. Kennedy was shot and killed in Dallas Texas. In September 1964 the Warren Commission, appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson, presented an official report documenting the details of the assassination. This report concluded that Kennedy was killed by a man named Lee Harvey Oswald, and that Oswald acted alone. Ever since then there has been speculation concerning the validity of the Warren Commission. For over fifty years conspiracy theorists have been uncovering the â€Å"truth† behind Kennedy’s assassination. These theories, however, are largely unfounded, and supported by no hard evidence. In contrast, the meticulously detailed Warren Report, available in the National Archives, provides countless pieces of closely analyzed evidence, all corroborating the same, controversial claim. Regardless of popular American disbelief, the fact remains that Lee Harvey Oswald is alone responsible for the assassination of John F. Kennedy, as described by the Warren Commission. A conspiracy theory, in it’s purest form, describes a hypothesis concerning an incident in which more than one person is involved. Since 1963 more Americans have believed in a conspiracy against Kennedy than have believed in a single assassin working alone (Majority in U.S. Still Believe JFK Killed in a Conspiracy). After years of investigation, evidence continues to prove the majority of Americans wrong. There was onlyShow MoreRelatedLee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK1453 Words   |  6 PagesLee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK A- Plan Of Investigation This investigation will answer the question: To what extent did Lee Harvey Oswald’s history predispose him to kill John F. Kennedy? To determine the extent to which childhood and previous jobs influenced Oswald to assassinate the President, the scope of the investigation will focus on Lee Harvey Oswald and his relationships with political groups. It will also examine Oswald’s youth and the actions of previous life eventsRead MoreThe Assassination Of Jfk By Lee Harvey Oswald3669 Words   |  15 PagesThe shot seen across the country. The assassination of JFK still stands today as one of the most shocking events in American history. Its had a larger impact because of the fact that it was on national television and because of its graphic nature. Since we will never know the true motive of Lee Harvey Oswald, the only thing that we could do is make our own assumptions. That is what we’ve done, which have only made things more difficult for us to grasp and have create d more conspiracy theories. IRead MoreJfk And The President Jfk1368 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy (JFK) was assassinated in Dallas Texas. The nation and the whole world was shocked in that day. In fact, president JFK was preparing for his next combine in Texas, he took a road trip by a motorcade with his wife Jacqueline Kennedy, Governor John Connally, and his wife Nellie. The road trip went through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas towards the trade mart, where the president was scheduled to give a speech there. The road that the president JFK was traveling on by his motorcadeRead MoreNoah Cooper. Mrs. Sites. English 10A. 15 April 2017. Lee1749 Words   |  7 PagesApril 2017 Lee Harvey Oswald: The Sole Assassin? The public must be satisfied that Oswald was the assassin; that he did not have confederates who are still at large; and that evidence was such that he would have been convicted at trial. Unfortunately the facts on Oswald seem about too pat- too obvious (Marxist, Cuba, Russian wife, etc.) The Dallas police have put out statements on the Communist conspiracy theory and it was they who were in charge when he was shot and thus silenced (â€Å"The JFK Assassination†Read MoreA Brief Look at John F. Kennedy835 Words   |  4 Pageswas cut short by a belligerent man. John F. Kennedy or JFK would grow to become one of the United States’s smartest and youngest Presidents in history. Unfortunately for JFK his life and term as President was cut short after being assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. Although JFK did not serve a full term as President he affected our nation in many positive ways and was on the best presidents we ever had. John Fitzgerald Kennedy also known as â€Å"JFK† because of his initials was the 35th President of theRead MoreTo Kill A Kennedy954 Words   |  4 Pagesbeing â€Å"A person who is easily manipulated or victimized : pushover,† (www.merriam-webster.com). This is what Lee Harvey Oswald claimed he was when the Dallas Police Department arrested him on November 22, 1963 for suddenly assassinating President John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Today, the vast majority of Americans believe Oswald’s words, claiming that there was more behind the tragic assassination than the United States government once portrayed. Many have disregarded everything the government had told theRead MoreThe Assassination Of Jfk Assassination Theory1385 Words   |  6 Pagesessay is the JFK assassination theory. I would like to research this because I have seen documents and videos online and on television about the conspiracy but I have not done full research into it to see the facts. With the presid ents of the United States they are able to make or break the country with their decisions, with that JFK was assassinated due to that and other reasons. I will be going into this research thinking that there is a conspiracy behind the assassination of JFK that it wasn tRead MoreMystery of Who Killed John F Kennedy1483 Words   |  6 PagesDue to the vast speculations of the assassination of John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas the mystery of what really happened still lies amongst us today. From theory to theory there is no telling what the true motive in killing the President really was. Among the various theories are those that involve the Chicago mafia, Lee Harvey Oswald attempting the murder by himself, and the left and right wing factions of the U.S. government. After several investigations, there is no realRead MoreThe Assassination Of John F. Kennedy1500 Words   |  6 PagesThere is a lot of speculation about what really took place in the assassination of John F. Kennedy. Many people believe that Lee Harvey Oswald worked alone, but there are many people across the nation who think differently. Many theories can both support and disprove that Lee Harvey Oswald worked as a lone wolf in the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The official report by the government in the JFK assassination was that Lee Harvey Oswald worked alone on the twenty-third of November in 1963. TheRead MoreAssassination Of Jfk s Assassination1140 Words   |  5 Pageslater, he was assassinated. The assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested 70 minutes after the assassination. There have been numerous debates over the last 55 years regarding this incident. Many people claim there is a conspiracy behind the case, allowing various conspiracy theories to emerge over the years. One specific theory is about how the mafia was involved with JFK’s assassination. In 1963, the USA Presidential elections were approaching and so JFK and his wife Jacqueline travelled to Dallas

Operational Management Controlling the Production of Goods

Question: Discuss about the Operational Management for Controlling the Production of Goods. Answer: Introduction Operational management is a form of organizational management approach that is concerned with controlling the production of goods in relation to redesigning the business operations in the production of goods and services. The operational management allows the management to make a comprehensive decision regarding the process and the production system used in the company. The strategic management takes the essentiality of whole principles of management, this is mostly embraced by the operations of an organization that produces tangible products and other production services. Customer satisfaction, efficiency, and effectiveness in operation only represent the importance of operational management in an organization. Gupta and Boyd, 2008 argue manifestation of operation management approaches will allow the organization to have a firm foundation in terms of production and ensuring that it produces the best products that will satisfy the customers needs and demands(Gupta, 2008). The success of the organization is determined by the operations management advantage, which is determined by management on how they can produce their products and services from existing raw material On the other hand manufacturing organization may not functional well with the operational management approach, this according to the research conducted by Voss et al., 2002 regarding the challenges which affects the functions of operational management in an organization and management and tactical organizational operations. According to the case study, Hawkesbury Cabinets is an organization which will be used to elaborate on the factors and key problems affecting operational management. Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is a manufacturing company which was stabled in 2008 by Fung and Mei Chen, they operated the company by ensuring that every aspect of production process is taken into consideration, this was to allow them to gain customer loyalty as well as gaining trust from the same class of customers. Job-Shop Production system is used by the company to manufacture its products and provide services to their customers. Job shop production system is characterized manufacturing of few quantity of products and produced in accordance with the customer specifications this is within the specified time and cost. Justification of cost and budgets Justification of cost and budgets are the key problem facing the operational management in an organization, it refers to the approach used in presenting the cost and budget of each line in production, the obligation of justification of cost and budget is done by the financial department in the organization(Slack, 2010). Hawkesbury Cabinets company operational management is faced with the justification of cost and budget and cost. The process of analysing the cost and budgets for the production process requires professional individual who understands the financial, cost and budgetary factors which affect the coordination in the production of goods and services(Hill, 2012). According to the financial reporting provided by Mei Chen, the general manager of the company indicates a high cost of production, this relates to the purchase of raw materials. Standardization Standardization refers to the variety of products which are available to the customers, it is one of the key factors which affects operational management in an organization. Standardization in Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is highly discussed, according to case study analysis, it is one of the key factors which affected the operational management in the organization(Khanna, 2015). However, it is one of the components which creates the impact of operation planning which is a principle of operational management. Standardization reflects the improvement of existing products and services, the case study states the impact of the builders which are described to be low volume contract to the operation of the company. Builders imposed the company to produce products which were standardized compare to previous company operation, the uniqueness of the standardized product forced the company to apply more material, and this is to produce kitchen cabinets which meet the customer demands. Sustainability Sustainability is a key element which forms part of the factors affecting the operational management of the organization. According to the case study, Hawkesbury Cabinets Company manages by Fung and Mei Chen they have all distributed the all the management responsibilities amongst themselves. Operational management if focus towards creating a long-term customers strategies, this requires that the company is responsible for creating essential customer operations strategies(Heizer, 2016). Sustainability is an element of lean production theory which is a key production theory used by operational manufacturing companies. It is the production theory which is concerned with reducing the waste during the production process while promoting sustainable business operations(Hitt, 2016). Case study unveils the lack of sustainable operational management in Hawkesbury Cabinets Company, sustainable business operational management is focus towards eliminating the wellbeing of the local customer, Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is comprehended to only focus on the local customer, this is failing to diversify their operation to other customers. Demand in variety of products The demand of variety of products is part and parcel of factors affecting operational management in an organization, particularly in a manufacturing company. Despite the fact of meeting demand, the case study reveals the constraints faced by the company while striving toward meeting the customer demand(Evans, 2002). Hawkesbury Cabinets Company allowed their customer to give their kitchen cabinet design, the company failed to consider the challenges relating to their demand, rise in the cost of raw and labor cost are created by the diversified production of goods and service(Heizer, 2016). Distribution strategy It is one of the key elements that affects the operational management in an organization. It relates to Inventory Management and distribution and Logistics which are the primary aspects of operational management(Schnsleben, 2016). According to the case study analysis Hawkesbury Cabinets Company operations management is affected by problem relating to the distribution strategies and related operation approaches. The custom kitchen products were given priority by the company, this leads to standardize cabinet uncompleted in different production stages(Khanna, 2015). Moreover, it increases the work and task to the company management, the increase in production volume did not match the manufacturing factory area. Conclusion In conclusion, operational management comprises the operations such as controlling, coordinating and managing the resource in an organization. The successful operational management is facilitated by the application and consideration of theoretical approaches and related principles, production system should also be considered by the management as the primary factor in operations management. According to the analysis, different factors affects the essence and functionality operational management, the case study analysis conveys the problems affecting the functions of operational management at Hawkesbury Cabinets Company. References Anupindi, R. C. S. D. S. D. V. M. J. A. . Z. E., 2011. Managing business process flows: principles of operations management.. s.l.:Pearson Higher Ed. Evans, J. R. . L. W. M., 2002. The management and control of quality. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western..South-Western: s.n. Heizer, J. R. B. . M. C., 2016. Principles of operations management: sustainability and supply chain management.. s.l.:Pearson Higher Ed.. Hill, A. . H. T., 2012. Operations management.. s.l.:Palgrave Macmillan. Hitt, M. A. X. K. . C. C. M., 2016. Resource based theory in operations management research.. Journal of Operations Management, 41(1), pp. 77-94. Kerzner, H. R., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. s.l.:John Wiley Sons. Khanna, R. B., 2015. Production and operations management.. s.l.:PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Schnsleben, P., 2016. Integral logistics management: Operations and supply chain management within and across companies.. In: s.l.: CRC Press.. Slack, N. C. S. . J. R., 2010. Operations management. s.l.:Pearson education. Zhang, D. L. K. . S. R. G., 2012. The moderating role of contextual factors on quality management practices. Journal of Operations Management, 30(1), pp. 12-23.