The Overemphasis On Physical Appearance Sociology Essay

The Overemphasis On Physical Appearance Sociology Es vocalize In what vogue preempt it be argued that an overemphasis on is physical port alienates individuals from themselves? Is the body assort of the self or separate from the self?To answer this question, first of all it is necessary to understand what physical appearance means for individuality, and how it influences on souls self-image and self-perception. Persons appearance is a meaning of his identity.Appearance is a expression of self-appraisal of person in overall positive or a negative attitude.When self-appraisal is independent and autonomous, it does non dependent on external evaluations.But in most cases the person tries by the appearance to attract the attention of surrounding people, and show his informal world, the mood and character.Through the appearance person reveals his identity to a crabbed favorable menage, individual tonestyle with his characteristic values, and, last bargonly non least, intera cts with various aspects of the fond environment and changes them.A person can secure his goals by manipulating the impression he makes on some opposite people.That is, appearance is a continuation of humans inner world, so the body can not be separated from the spiritual and emotional side.2. Several of the mannikinical theorists believed that much(prenominal) than of modern life has become objectified and sharpized. In addition to the beas of the body, celebrity, and medicine, in what opposite argonas has modern life become objectified and rationalized?Comparing the situation in present-day(a) culture and society that was a hundred years ago, many critics and theorists say that it has become objectified and rationalized. First of all this process is connected with the globalization, that has brought certain standards in the world.Globalization has led to fundamental changes in the relationship surrounded by folk, elect(ip) and mass culture, it lowered the conditio n of the culture as it was before.At the akin time it brought mass culture, turning it into a leading element of a cultural strategy of post-industrial society.The mass culture is like a surrogate designed to meet the lowbrow tastes of poorly educated population.3. Is it possible to effectively untie the rational and stupid, mental and emotional dimensions of life to create a more humane society? wherefore or why not? Should social theorists even be concerned about such an release?Rationality one of the most great concepts of philosophy, sociology and psychology.The characteristic of our time is a neglect of rationality, that is mainly due to the uncertainty in the single-valued function of this notion.What is rational and what is irrational?Rationality, like morality, is essential characteristic of behavior.It is important to distinguish between the rational and irrational behavior.An important feature of the actions that is mentioned irrational or rationally forbidden ( rationally prohibited), is that virtually no one would support people to confide these acts, on the contrary, they would have tried to convince not to do so.To call something rational or rationally acceptable does not mean to licence all of this, in these words there is only one modal nuance of lack of conviction.Many people want to draw a clear line between facts and values, rational and irrational.If you get rid of the irrational motives, it means the mental rule of reason over the behavior, which requires adherence to specialized actions, conditions, programs, limiting the freedom of thought.However, the above indicates that such a clear mark is impossible, because rationality is in some way a subjective judgment.4. What are the long-term implications of the open sale of human reed organs for social superstar and divisiveness in the United States?The problem of sale of human organs is a matter of division of society into two views for and against.Also, this issue has two problems A rapid withdrawal of transplantation at the aim of mass formula An equally rapid growth of the declarations and documents of ethics adopted by superior associations, regulations and new laws, which develops and offers modern law and adopt modern nations of Europe and America, Asia and Africa. groundbreaking transplant did not create utopian concepts, but wants to r all(prenominal) the level of respectable rules and standards of sale of human organs.They see a direct fellowship between the progressive development of transplantation and overcoming of social psychological bar in the form of conventional sacred culture, with its system of rituals and attitudes towards death.They believe that the winner of transplantation is possible only in conditions of developed and prepared everyday opinion, that shall have absolute humanistic values across the range of practices of organ transplantation. Changing spiritual situation in the society, the democratization of social c onsciousness, which come to on the idea of human rights, led to a change in measures of responsibility for human life.The increase in moral pluralism, the need for ethical and legal controls on the experimental research, medicalization of life, the globalization of bioethical issues all this makes urgent the grasp movement of further development of the social problems of bioethics, which includes the issue of trade of human organs.5. What are the most insightful or useful measures of class speckle? Why? How does unlikeness on each of these measures affect the lives of individuals?The recent trend in democratic industrialized countries of the world is increasing social mobility, that improve the status to representatives of every individual groups in society combined with the persistence of their poor socio- frugal position.Subordination of the major social groups, their division into superior and inferior position reflects the concept of social class.Social classes are usuall y distinguished from other on the basis of their economic situation, the stability of the social situation of their representatives, obstacle of social mobility, the transition from the lowest class in the highest, as hale as the multiplicity of their representatives.All this makes them significant and sometimes define the measures of class position. Most measures of class position are aimed at influencing the process of social inequality and convergence status positions of the general population of industrialized countries, because the makeup of the middle class does not negate the existence of traditional class position and the stratification of differences. (Delaney, 2003)6. What evidence is there to assess the adequacy and/or inadequacy of Marxs predications about the relationship between workers and larger employers?Many of the ideas on social inequalities derived from the Marxist theory of stratification and class.The mode of production determines the economic organization of each formation.Marx believed the economic organization of the main aspect of society.It includes a technology division of labor and, most importantly, a relationship organize between people in the production system.These relationships play a make out role in the Marxist concept of class.Marx argued that in any eccentric of economic organization is the ruling class, which owns the means of production (factories, raw materials, etcetera) and provides control over them.Due to the economic power of the ruling class decides the urgency of those who are working for him.(Berberoglu, 2005)Marx thought that workers would see that they were exploited this would lead to a deep, inescapable conflict between workers and owners.Marx predicted that with the development of capitalism, the bourgeoisie would become richer, and the trade union movement poorer.The conflict would intensify, and in the end the workers would make a revolution, the revolution would be worldwide, leading to the overthrow of capitalism and the transition to socialism.Marxs prediction was wrong capitalism has not led to results that he expected.First of all, government and the capitalists themselves began to pay more attention to the needs and demands of the workers due to political pressure and through the system of collective bargaining now workers in the U.S. have high salaries and bonuses, in addition, they receive unemployment benefits.7. What parallels exists in the ideologies used to maintain contrary racial and grammatical gender categories as separate status groups? What is your position on Durkheims prediction that the use of zip and gender for positioning individuals in occupations will be eliminated someday?One of the earliest explanations of inequality due to gender or race was proposed by Emile Durkheim.In the paper On the division of social labor (1893) Durkheim concluded that in all societies, some activities are shooted more important than others.In a society highly value d the achievement of religious salvation, that was characteristic of Puritans in colonial times.Another company may consider the social value of material wealth.All the functions of society law, religion, family, work, etc.can form a hierarchy according to how highly they are valued.This view is expressed by Durkheim in his famous remarkWhen I get word my duty brother, husband or a citizen, then I fare the obligations prescribed by law and custom and which are external to me and my actions Similarly, a believer from birth detects in the ready-made form of beliefs and practices of religious lifeand, if they existed before him. Therefore, they exist outside of it. The system of symbols that I use. aphid expression, monetary system, which I use for payment of debts, credit facilities, which I use in their commercial message activities, procedureswhich I follow because of their profession all these and similar things operate, regardless of my usage. In turn, if we turn to each memb er of society, then those comments are true for each of them. (Durkheim, 1964)I dont agree with his position, because society is a set of multiple identities?If we train a certain group, we see not a collective entity, but only a group of individuals interacting with each other in different ways.8. Discuss the common threads in the arguments on inequality establish in each of the classical theorists. On what do they agree of disaccord?In contemporary westbound, especially American, sociology, social scientists hold several contend views on inequality.At the heart of the operating(a)ist theories is the idea that some activities the society considers it more important than others.Proponents of these theories, inequality is a means of ensuring public confidence in the fact that such activities, carried out the most qualified individuals.Supporters of Conflictological theories suggest that inequality is due to more favorable position of those who control the social wealth.Their v iews are base on the theory of classes and social stratification, designed by Karl Marx. check to this theory, the economic system of any society creates two main classes, one of which operates or controls the other.(Berberoglu, 2005)In the concept of stratification, Weber identifies three factors wealth, prestige and power.These factors are often but not always interact.The theory of stratification based on the criteria Warner reputation of people within the community. match to this theory, belong to a particular social class is determined by the members of the community.(Berberoglu, 2005)In the functional approach we can point out the theory of middle class (or the new middle) class ( Aron, Daniel Bell and others).Theories of the middle class were a disapproval of the quantitative growth of the officials, intellectuals, managers, enhancing social protection and education of workers and several other groups, as well as the convergence of income, consumption and lifestyles of the general population.According to followers of the theory of the middle class, this process led to the elimination of traditional class distinctions between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat and the social formation of a new social groups, encompassing and unifying value pain legal age of the population of industrialized countries its the middle class is.This includes individuals who possessing family income, education, prestige role in life, lifestyle and identify themselves with this group of society.According to exit polls, in Western countries for more than half the population (70-80%) identify themselves as middle class. brass of the middle class society provides a high level of social homogeneity, smooths or even eliminate class conflicts, helps to reconcile the positions of parties, trade unions, etc.(Berberoglu, 2005)